Market research is a process of gathering, analyzing and
interpreting information about a product, service or company to be offered for
sale in that market. Research is conducted to know the past, present and
potential customers for the product or service, their characteristics, spending
habits, location and needs, the industry as a whole and the competitors.
Understanding of industry shifts, changing consumer needs
and preferences, and legislative trends and other things can shape where a
business chooses to focus its efforts and resources. This is why market
research is important for companies.
Types of Market Research: There are 2 basic types of market
research conducted in the market:
Primary Research:
Primary data is first-hand information a
person or a company gather oneself, or with the help of a third party (market
research firm).
Secondary Research: Secondary data is the data which is
already existed in the market in the form of public information, such as the
data shared in magazines and newspapers, government or industry reports. This
data can be used by the companies for their market analysis purpose and thus help
them to improve their product and services.
While conducting primary research, you can gather two basic
types of information: exploratory or specific:
Exploratory
Research: In exploratory
market research, companies ask open-end questions. So that, this open-ended data
which is collected from many people helps companies to better understand a
problem or opportunity. The goal of this research is to gather perceptions and
opinions regarding an issue, so your company can decide how to address it.
Specific Research: Once you understand the larger
market issues, or opportunities, you can use specific questions to gather
information that could lead to a new product or service. Market research firms
often use specific questions to gather feedback on a new advertising campaign,
or to refine a planned new product.
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